WorkedMathGlossary

Pythagorean Theorem Calculator

Find a right triangle's hypotenuse from its two legs, or a missing leg from the hypotenuse and one known leg.

Hypotenuse (c)
5

The Pythagorean Theorem

For any right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse equals the sum of the squares of the other two sides: a² + b² = c². It's one of the oldest and most-used results in all of geometry.

Worked example

A right triangle with legs 6 and 8.

c² = 6² + 8² = 36 + 64 = 100

c = √100 = 10

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Pythagorean theorem?

For any right triangle, a² + b² = c², where a and b are the two legs and c is the hypotenuse (the side opposite the right angle, always the longest side).

How do you find the hypotenuse?

Square both legs, add them together, then take the square root: c = √(a² + b²).

How do you find a missing leg instead of the hypotenuse?

Rearrange the formula: a = √(c² − b²). Subtract the known leg's square from the hypotenuse's square, then take the square root.

Does the Pythagorean theorem work on any triangle?

No — only right triangles, ones with exactly one 90° angle. For other triangles, use the Law of Cosines instead, which is a generalization that works for any triangle.

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